A Preliminary Study on the New Environmental Land Use Policy in the UK under the Perspective of Carbon Neutrality
碳中和视域下英国新型环境土地利用政策初探

摘要

尽管英国拥有较为完善的空间规划体系、悠久的土地利用传统、具备风光连绵的国土风景管控现状，但是英国农业景观治理仍然面临着许多问题。首先，欧盟共同农业政策在英国实施了45年，英国至今尚未建立基于自然资源管理的乡村土地政策体系与实施机制；其次，农业用地与作物管理面临着各自为政的问题，因此清洁的水源、健康的农作物、相关化学药剂及农业资金浪费的问题亟需通过风景园林领导力实现多学科合作进行农业景观治理变革。在此背景下，环境食物乡村事务部以汉普郡为国家试点，创新制定基于生态系统的新型环境土地利用方案。分析汉普郡乔德顿庄园负碳排农业固碳情况，研究基于英国国土景观特征地图的农业景观治理经验，总结英国新型环境土地利用政策制定，以期对我国双碳目标下乡村振兴农业景观治理形成借鉴。

Abstract

Although the UK has a relatively complete spatial planning system, a long tradition of land use, and a landscape management status with continuous scenery, the UK's agricultural landscape governance still faces many problems. First, the EU Common Agricultural Policy has been implemented in the UK for 45 years, and the UK has not yet established a rural land policy system and implementation mechanism based on natural resource management; secondly, agricultural land and crop management face the problem of being independent, so the problems of clean water sources, healthy crops, related chemicals and agricultural capital waste urgently need to be transformed through multidisciplinary cooperation through landscape leadership to achieve agricultural landscape governance reform. In this context, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs took Hampshire as a national pilot and innovatively formulated a new environmental land use plan based on ecosystems. This paper analyzes the carbon sequestration of negative carbon emission agriculture in Jodden Manor, Hampshire, studies the experience of agricultural landscape governance based on the UK landscape feature map, and summarizes the formulation of new environmental land use policies in the UK, in order to provide reference for agricultural landscape governance of rural revitalization under my country's dual carbon goals.